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three-bath development

Толкование Перевод

1 three-bath development

трехванное (трехрастверное) проявление

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > three-bath development
2 three-bath development

трёхванное (трёхрастворное) проявление

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > three-bath development
3 three-bath development

Техника: трёхванное проявление, трёхрастворное проявление

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > three-bath development
4 development

1) разработка; проектирование; опытно-конструкторские работы, ОКР; проектно-конструкторские работы; конструирование

2) развитие, совершенствование, доводка, отладка

3) горн. вскрытие; подготовка ( месторождения)

4) нефт. разработка ( месторождения)

5) застройка; строительство

6) строительный объект

7) матем. вывод ( формулы)

8) матем. разложение ( в ряд)

9) развёртывание ( проекции)

10) проявление ( плёнки); обработка ( фотоматериалов)

•

to be under development — находиться в состоянии разработки;

to bring into development — вводить в разработку

development of brittleness — развитие хрупкости, охрупчивание

development of crack — развитие трещины

development of environment — улучшение( качества) окружающей среды

development of photoresist — проявление фоторезиста

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advanced development
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aerosol development
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automatic development
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bench development
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black-and-white development
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bottom-up development
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brush development
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cascade development
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chemical development
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cluster-well development
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coarse grain development
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color development
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Correx development
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crack development
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crestal field development
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custom development
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daylight development
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deformation development
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drum development
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dry process development
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dry development
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electrographic development
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electrolytic development
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engine development
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engineering development
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experimental development
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exploratory development
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face line development
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factorial development
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field development
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fine-grained development
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fine-grain development
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hardware development
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heat development
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high-head power development
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high-head development
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hydraulic power development
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incremental program development
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infectious development
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integrated development
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integrated river-basin development
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latent image development
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liquid development
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low-head power development
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low-head development
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machine development
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main development
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marginal field development
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mine development
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negative development
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ocean development
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oil pool development
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on-the-scene film development
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operational development
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organizational development
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outstep field development
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parachute development
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photographic development
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physical development
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planned development
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positive development
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post-fixation development
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powder cloud development
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puddle development
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pumped-storage development
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rack-and-tank development
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raise development
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recreational development
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reversal development
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ribbon development
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river-basin development
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roadway development
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silver development
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simultaneous field development
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single bath development
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single-well development
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software development
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sporadic development
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spray development
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superadditivity development
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thermal development
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three-bath development
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top-down development
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two-bath development
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waterflood oil pool development
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water-resources development
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wet process development
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wet development

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > development
5 трехванное проявление

three-bath development

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > трехванное проявление
6 трехванное проявление

three-bath development

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > трехванное проявление
7 process

1. способ; технология; процесс

process man — технолог

ESR process — процесс ЭШП

Bohi process — способ Бехи

Elko process — процесс Элко

Senn process — способ Сенна

2. обрабатывать

process supplies — обрабатывать материальные средства

process salvage — обрабатывать собранное имущество

to process negative — обрабатывать негатив

process a requisition — обрабатывать заявку

process documents — обрабатывать документы

3. воспроизводить фотомеханическим способом

Amylo process — способ Амило

Fritz process — способ Фритца

Budde's process — способ Будде

Nathan process — способ Натана

Gover's process — способ Говера

4. проявлять

additive process — аддитивный способ

ageing process — процесс старения

Albert lead molding process — способ изготовления свинцовых матриц для гальваностереотипов

all-tone process — способ изготовления газетных форм с одновременным травлением текста и иллюстраций

ammonia developed diazotype process — диазографический процесс с проявлением изображения аммиаком

ammonia-light process — способ сухого копирования на диазоматериал

aniline process — анилиновая печать

asphalt copying process — «асфальтовый» способ копирования

Bassani process — способ растровой съёмки высоких светов

Ben Day process — способ перевода изображения с тангирных сеток

bichromated albumen process — хромоальбуминовый способ

5. процесс скрепления

ore process — рудный процесс

due process — должный процесс

read process — процесс чтения

setup process — процесс SETUP

damp process — влажный процесс

6. фотонабор

7. машинописный набор

cold-type process — машинописный набор

8. набор с помощью переводного или разрезного шрифта

collotype process — фототипия

process cheese — плавленый сыр

writ of process — приказ о вызове в суд

compulsory process — принудительный привод в суд

process tankage — корм или удобрение из отходов

batch process — циклический или периодический процесс

9. многокрасочная печать

three-colour process — трёхкрасочная печать

letterpress process — процесс высокой печати

subsurface printing process — глубокая печать

process plate — форма для многокрасочной печати

dot colour process — полутоновая красочная печать

10. печатание многокрасочной продукции

Technamation process — печатание варьирующихся изображений

11. цветная фотография

contact process

color process — цветная фотография

12. контактная печать

four-color process printing — четырехкрасочная печать

letterpress printing process — процесс высокой печати

screen process printer — устройство для трафаретной печати

three-color process plate — форма для трехкрасочной печати

13. контактное копирование

copying process — копировальный процесс, процесс копирования документов

correction process — процесс правки корректуры

Gronok process — защита печатных пластин от окисления

contact process — контактное копирование

batch copying process — пакетный режим копирования

chemical transfer process — диффузионный способ копирования

14. глубокое травление

deep-etch process — глубокое травление

cupping process — процесс глубокой вытяжки

15. способ изготовления офсетных форм с углублением элементов

diazo process — диазотипия

diffusion transfer process — способ диффузионного переноса изображения, диффузионный способ копирования

direct process — прямой способ

direct-copy process — позитивный репродукционный процесс на светочувствительных красителях

direct halftone process — процесс получения цветоделённых негативов непосредственно с оригиналов через светофильтры и растр

direct platemaking process — способ изготовления форм прямым копированием оригинала

direct transfer gravure process — глубокая печать с формного цилиндра, изготовленного способом прямого копирования изображения с фотоформы на фотополимерное покрытие

dot color process — растровый многокрасочный процесс

double transfer process — способ двойного переноса

Dow process — способ Доу

drop-dot process — процесс усиления контраста посредством бликов

dry process — сухое проявление, проявление без использования растворов

dry diazo process — диазотипия с сухим проявлением

dry grinding process — перетир сухого пигмента

drying process — процесс закрепления краски

dry ink printing process — печатание сухими красками

dry silver process — «сухое серебро»

Dultgen process — способ «Далтжен»

Winger process — способ Вингера

Carbro process — способ < Карбро>

barium process — бариевый способ

baryta process — бариевый способ

Bergius process — способ Бергиуса

16. процесс копирования документов

kettle process — процесс варки

peace process — мирный процесс

KIVCET process — процесс КИВЦЕТ

decay process — процесс распада

general process — общий процесс

17. процесс изготовления клише

dusting process — процесс припудривания

dyeline process — диазотипия

dye-transfer process — гидротипный процесс

Electrofax process — способ «Электрофакс»

electrographic recording process — процесс электрографической записи

electrophoretic migration imaging process — миграционный электрофоретический способ получения изображения

electrophotoadhesive process — электрофотоадгезионный способ

electrophotographic process — электрофотографический способ

electrophotographic color process — цветной электрофотографический процесс

electrophotographic liquid toner process — электрофотографический процесс с использованием жидкого тонера

electrophotographic reproduction process — электрофотографический репродукционный процесс

electrophotographic sheet binding process — способ скрепления электрофотографических копий

electrostatic developing process — способ проявления электростатического изображения

electrothermographic process — электротермографический процесс

electrothermographic duplicating process — электротермографический копировально-множительный процесс

electrothermographic image-recording process — электротермографический способ записи изображения

electrothermographic reproduction process — электротермографический репродукционный процесс

electrotyping process — процесс изготовления гальваностереотипов

Elko process — процесс «Элко»

engraving process — цинкографский процесс

exposure process — экспонирование

fake color process — процесс изготовления цветных изображений с одноцветного оригинала при помощи специальной обработки форм

fanning-out process — роспуск листов

fast-etch process — процесс одноступенчатого травления

film process — обработка плёнки

overall process — общий процесс

shell process — внешний процесс

wound process — раневой процесс

aging process — процесс старения

rotor process — роторный процесс

18. отделочные процессы

basic Bessemer process — томасовский процесс

construction process — процесс строительства

correlated process — коррелированный процесс

equilibrium process — стохастический процесс

intermittent process — периодический процесс

19. брошюровочно-переплётные процессы

flat-plate screen process — процесс изготовления растровой печатной формы

flexographic process — флексографская печать

flexo plate process — процесс изготовления флексографских печатных форм

four-color process — процесс изготовления цветоделённых печатных форм для четырёхкрасочной печати

frost deformation process — фототермопластический процесс с «морозной» записью

fusing process — процесс термического закрепления

gelatin process — печать с желатиновых форм, фототипия

gelatin hectographic process — гектографирование с использованием желатиновой массы

glass-etch process — негативное гравирование на стекле

glue process — проклейка, промазка клеем

gravure etching process — процесс травления формы глубокой печати

gum process — нанесение клеевого слоя, гуммирование

halftone process — растрирование, фоторепродуцирование с растрированием

hardening process — процесс отверждения

heat process — термографический процесс

heat development process — способ термического проявления

Henderson process — процесс изготовления форм глубокой печати для газетных и деловых изданий

hot-type process — процесс набора на отливных наборных машинах

image process — процесс формирования изображения

imbibition transfer process — способ переноса красителя при гидротипной печати

indirect process — косвенный способ

initial ink-setting process — процесс первоначального закрепления краски

ink-splitting process — процесс расщепления красочного слоя

ink transfer process — процесс переноса краски

intaglio process — процесс глубокой печати, глубокая печать

intaglio halftone process — процесс глубокой растровой печати, глубокая автотипия

invert dot process — травление по способу «изменяемой точки»

IR process — обработка в инфракрасных лучах

IR drying process — сушка в инфракрасных лучах

Jacobs-Frerichs process — метод Джекобса—Фрерихса

Kemart process — процесс усиления контраста посредством бликов

Koch process — способ глубокой печати с резиновых или пластмассовых форм

large plate process — способ получения технического углерода при помощи неподвижных дисков с вращающимися горелками и скребками

letterpress process — процесс высокой печати, высокая печать

line-tone process — превращение тонового изображения в штриховое

liquid developed diazotype process — диазографический процесс с жидкостным проявлением изображения

liquid toner process — электрографический процесс с использованием жидкого тонера

masking process — процесс маскирования

master photodirect process — процесс прямого изготовления множительной формы в фотоаппарате

Mead Photocapsule process — способ ускоренной цветопробы с использованием в качестве подложки микрокапсулированной бумаги

MICR process — «МИКР-процесс»

microfilming process — процесс микрофильмирования; процесс съёмки микрофильма

moist collodion process — мокрый коллодионный процесс

molding process — процесс матрицирования

monobath process — однованный процесс обработки

multiple copy electrophotographic reproduction process — копировально-множительный электрофотографический процесс

narrow-web printing process — процесс печатания на узкорулонной машине

negative process — негативный процесс

nitrogen-burst process — барботирование струёй азота

offset process — процесс офсетной печати, офсетная печать

oil-pigment process — процесс масляно-пигментной печати

paper stereotype process — изготовление бумажных матриц

Patramold process — способ изготовления матриц из термопластического материала

perforating process — процесс перфорирования, перфорация

photoarc process — экспонирование печатной формы с использованием дуговых фонарей

photochemical process — фотохимический процесс

photocolographic process — процесс фототипной печати, фототипная печать

photoelectrophoretic imaging process — фотоэлектрофоретический способ получения изображений

photoengraving process — фотомеханический способ изготовления форм высокой печати

photogelatin process — печать с желатиновых форм, фототипия

photogravure process — глубокая печать, процесс глубокой печати

photomechanical process — фотомеханический процесс

photooffset process — изготовление форм для офсетной печати фотомеханическим способом; офсетная печать с форм, подготовленных фотомеханическим способом

plaster stereotype process — процесс изготовления стереотипных гипсовых матриц

positive process — позитивный процесс

post-printing process — послепечатная обработка ; pl брошюровочно-переплётные и отделочные процессы

powdering process — процесс припудривания

powderless etch process — процесс одноступенчатого травления

precipitation process — процесс получения пигмента осаждением

prepress processes — допечатные процессы

printing process — печатный процесс; процесс печатания

pyroelectric copying process — пироэлектрический копировальный процесс

reflex copy process — процесс рефлексного копирования; рефлексное печатание

relief process — процесс формирования рельефа

reusable electrostatic recording process — процесс с повторно используемой электрографической записью

reversal process — процесс обращения

Rinco process — способ Ринко

roller-coating process — нанесение покрытия валиком

roll-up process — многоступенчатое травление с накатыванием краски

rubber plate letterpress process — процесс высокой печати с резиновых форм

screen plate process — растровый процесс

semidry process — процесс проявления с использованием особого жидкого проявителя

silver dye bleach process — отбеливание цветных плёнок

silvering process — серебрение

step-and-repeat process — многократное копирование изображения на формную пластину

stop-dot process — процесс выкрывания высоких светов

rustless process — процесс выплавки нержавеющей электростали

process control technology — технология управления процессом

oxygen-steelmaking process — кислородно-конвертерный процесс

natural ageing process — процесс естественного старения кожи

line process — отработанный процесс; отработанная технология

20. субтрактивный способ образования цвета

subtractive process — субтрактивный способ изготовления форм

three-mash process — трехотварочный способ затирания солода

disc black process — дисковый способ получения газовой сажи

SIM process — способ шлифования с применением растворителей

no-time process — приготовление теста непрерывным способом

21. субтрактивный способ изготовления печатных плат

dustfree process — беспыльный процесс изготовления топлива

calibration process — методика поверки; способ градуировки

X-M process — способ шлифования с применением растворителя

two-mash process — двухотварочный способ затирания солода

semi-stiff mud process — полупластичный способ формования

22. субтрактивный способ изготовления форм

subtractive reproduction process — фоторепродуцирование по методу субтрактивного синтеза

surface process — процесс плоской печати, плоская печать

Technamation process — печатание варьирующихся изображений

thermographic duplicating process — термографический способ копирования

three-color process — трёхкрасочная репродукция

tone-line process — превращение полутонового изображения в штриховое

touching process — способ перевода изображения с тангирных сеток

transfer copy process — процесс копирования

two-bath process — двухванный процесс

two-stop process — растровая съёмка через две диафрагмы

UV process — обработка в ультрафиолетовых лучах

UV drying process — сушка в ультрафиолетовых лучах

vesicular process — везикулярный процесс

no-punch process — способ приготовления теста без обминки

stiff-plastic process — полупластичный способ формования

carbon process — процесс изготовления пигментной копии

Edeleanu refining process — очистка по способу Эделяну

batter process — способ приготовления теста на опаре

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > process
8 Carroll, Thomas

SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology

[br]

b. 1888 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

d. 22 February 1968 Australia

[br]

Australian engineer responsible for many innovations in combine-harvester design, and in particular associated with the Massey Harris No. 20 used in the "Harvest Brigade" during the Second World War.

[br]

Carroll worked first with the Buckeye Harvester Co., then with J.J.Mitchell \& Co. In 1911 he was hired by the Argentinian distributor for Massey Harris to help in the introduction of their new horse-drawn reaper-thresher. Carroll recommended modifications to suit Argentinian conditions, and these resulted in the production of a new model. In 1917 he joined the Toronto staff of Massey Harris as a product design leader, the No. 5 reaper-thresher being the first designed under him. Many significant new developments can be attributed to Carroll: welded sections, roller chains, oil-bath gears, antifriction ball bearings and the detachable cutting table allowing easy transfer of combines between fields were all innovations of which he was the source.

In the 1930s he became Chief Engineer with responsibility for the design of a self-propelled harvester. The 20 SP was tested in Argentina only eight months after design work had begun, and it was to this machine that the name "combine harvester" was applied for the first time. Improvements to this original design produced a lighter 12 ft (3.65 m) cut machine which came off the production line in 1941. Three years later 500 of these machines were transported to the southern United States, and then gradually harvested their way northwards as the corn ripened. It has been estimated that the famous "Harvest Brigade" harvested over 1 million acres, putting 25 million bushels into store, with a saving in excess of 300,000 labour hours and half a million gallons of fuel.

Carroll retired from Massey Ferguson in 1961.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

American Society of Agricultural Engineers C.H. McCormick Gold Medal 1958.

Bibliography

1948, "Basic requirements in the design and development of the self propelled combine"

Agricultural Engineer. 29(3), 101–5.

Further Reading

G.Quick and W.Buchele, 1978, The Grain Harvesters, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (provides a detailed account of the development of the combine harvester).

K.M.Coppick, 1972, gave an account of the wartime effort, which he mistakenly called "Massey Ferguson Harvest Brigade", presented to the Canadian Society for

Agricultural Engineers, Paper 72–313.

AP

Biographical history of technology > Carroll, Thomas
9 have

1. transitive verb,
pres. he has, p.t. & p.p. had

1) (possess) haben

I have it! — ich hab's[!]

and what have you — (coll.) und so weiter

2) (obtain) bekommen

let's not have any... — lass uns... vermeiden

come on, let's have it! — (coll.) rück schon raus damit! (ugs.)

3) (take) nehmen

4) (keep) behalten; haben

5) (eat, drink, etc.)

have breakfast/dinner/lunch — frühstücken/zu Abend/zu Mittag essen

6) (experience) haben [Spaß, Vergnügen]

7) (suffer) haben [Krankheit, Schmerz, Enttäuschung, Abenteuer]; (show) haben [Güte, Freundlichkeit, Frechheit]

8) (engage in)

have a game of football — Fußball spielen

9) (accept)

I won't have it — das lasse ich mir nicht bieten

10) (give birth to) bekommen

11) (coll.): (swindle)

I was had — ich bin [he]reingelegt worden (ugs.)

ever been had! — da bist du ganz schön reingefallen (ugs.)

12) (know)

I have it on good authority that... — ich weiß es aus zuverlässiger Quelle, dass...

13) (as guest)

have somebody to stay — jemanden zu Besuch haben

14) (summon)

he had me into his office — er hat mich in sein Büro beordert

15) (in coll. phrases)

you've had it now — (coll.) jetzt ist es aus (ugs.)

this car/dress has had it — (coll.) dieser Wagen/dieses Kleid hat ausgedient
2. auxiliary verb,
he has, had

1) forming past tenses

I have/I had read — ich habe/hatte gelesen

I have/I had gone — ich bin/war gegangen

having seen him — (because) weil ich ihn gesehen habe/hatte; (after) wenn ich ihn gesehen habe/nachdem ich ihn gesehen hatte

if I had known... — wenn ich gewusst hätte...

2) (cause to be)

have something made/repaired — etwas machen/reparieren lassen

have the painters in — die Maler haben

have somebody do something — jemanden etwas tun lassen

have a tooth extracted — sich (Dat.) einen Zahn ziehen lassen

3)

she had her purse stolen — man hat ihr das Portemonnaie gestohlen

4) (expr. obligation)

have to — müssen

I only have to do the washing-up — ich muss nur noch den Abwasch machen

I have only to see him to feel annoyed — ich brauche ihn nur zu sehen, und ich ärgere mich

he has to be guilty — er ist fraglos schuldig
3. noun
the haves and the have-nots — die Besitzenden und die Besitzlosen

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/33887/have_off">have off

- have on

- have out

* * *

(to have or keep (something) in case or until it is needed: If you go to America please keep some money in reserve for your fare home.) in Reserve halten

* * *

have

[hæv, həv]

I. AUXILIARY VERB

<has, had, had>

1. (forming past tenses)

he has never been to Scotland before er war noch nie zuvor in Schottland

we had been swimming wir waren schwimmen gewesen

I've heard that story before ich habe diese Geschichte schon einmal gehört

I wish I'd bought it ich wünschte, ich hätte es gekauft

\have we been invited? — yes we \have sind wir eingeladen worden? — ja, sind wir

I've passed my test — \have you? congratulations! ich habe den Test bestanden — oh, wirklich? herzlichen Glückwunsch!

they still hadn't had any news sie hatten immer noch keine Neuigkeiten

2. (experience)

she had her car stolen last week man hat ihr letzte Woche das Auto gestohlen

he had a window smashed es wurde ihm eine Scheibe eingeschlagen

3. (render)

▪ to \have sth done etw tun lassen

to \have one's hair cut/done/dyed sich dat die Haare schneiden/machen/färben lassen

4. (must)

▪ to \have [or \have got] to do sth etw tun müssen

what time \have we got to be there? wann müssen wir dort sein?

do I \have to? muss ich [das] wirklich?

5. ( form: if)

had I/she/he etc. done sth,... hätte ich/sie/er etc. etw getan,..., wenn ich/sie/er etc. etw getan hätte,...

if only I'd known this wenn ich das nur gewusst hätte

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<has, had, had>

1. (possess)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben

he's got green eyes er hat grüne Augen; (own) etw haben [o besitzen]

I don't have [or haven't got] a car ich habe [o besitze] kein Auto

do you have a current driving licence? haben Sie einen gültigen Führerschein?

she has a degree in physics sie hat einen Hochschulabschluss in Physik

to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] the time (know the time) die Uhrzeit haben, wissen, wie spät [o wie viel Uhr] es ist; (have enough time) Zeit haben

\have you got the time? kannst du mir die Uhrzeit sagen?

will you \have time to finish the report today? reicht es Ihnen, den Bericht heute noch zu Ende zu schreiben?

2. (suffer from)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth illness, symptom etw haben

to \have cancer/polio Krebs/Polio haben, an Krebs/Polio erkrankt sein

to \have a cold erkältet sein, eine Erkältung haben

3. (feel)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben

at least she had the good sense to turn the gas off zumindest war sie so schlau, das Gas abzudrehen

he had the gall to tell me that I was fat! hat er doch die Frechheit besessen, mir zu sagen, ich sei dick!

to \have the decency to do sth die Anständigkeit besitzen, etw zu tun

to \have the honesty to do sth so ehrlich sein, etw zu tun

to \have patience/sympathy Geduld/Mitgefühl haben

I \haven't any sympathy for this troublemaker ich empfinde keinerlei Mitleid mit diesem Unruhestifter

4. (engage in)

to \have a bath/shower ein Bad/eine Dusche nehmen, baden/duschen

to \have a nap [or ( fam) snooze] ein Schläfchen [o fam Nickerchen] machen

to \have a party eine Party machen

to \have a swim schwimmen

to \have a talk with sb mit jdm sprechen; (argue) sich akk mit jdm aussprechen

to \have a try es versuchen

I'd like to \have a try ich würde es gern einmal probieren

to \have a walk spazieren gehen, einen Spaziergang machen

5. (consume)

▪ to \have sth etw zu sich dat nehmen

I'll \have the trout, please ich hätte gern die Forelle

I haven't had shrimps in ages! ich habe schon ewig keine Shrimps mehr gegessen!

\have a cigarette/some more coffee nimm doch eine Zigarette/noch etwas Kaffee

we're having sausages for lunch today zum Mittagessen gibt es heute Würstchen

to \have a cigarette eine Zigarette rauchen

to \have lunch/dinner zu Mittag/Abend essen

6. (experience)

we're having a wonderful time in Venice wir verbringen eine wundervolle Zeit in Venedig

we didn't \have any difficulty finding the house wir hatten keinerlei Schwierigkeiten, das Haus zu finden

we'll soon \have rain es wird bald regnen

let's not \have any trouble now! bloß kein Ärger jetzt!

to \have fun/luck Spaß/Glück haben

\have a nice day/evening! viel Spaß!; (to customers) einen schönen Tag noch!

7. (receive)

I've just had a letter from John ich habe gerade erst einen Brief von John erhalten

okay, let's \have it! okay, her [o rüber] damit! fam

to let sb \have sth back jdm etw zurückgeben

to \have news of sb Neuigkeiten von jdm erfahren

8. (receive persons)

my mother's having the children to stay die Kinder bleiben bei meiner Mutter

we had his hamster for weeks wir haben wochenlang für seinen Hamster gesorgt

they've got Ian's father staying with them Ians Vater ist bei ihnen zu Besuch

thanks for having us danke für Ihre Gastfreundschaft

to \have sb back (resume relationship) jdn wieder [bei sich dat] aufnehmen

they solved their problems, and she had him back sie haben ihre Probleme gelöst und sie ist wieder mit ihm zusammen

to \have sb to visit jdn zu [o auf] Besuch haben

to \have visitors Besuch haben

9. (feature)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben

the new model has xenon headlights das neue Modell ist mit Xenon-Scheinwerfern ausgestattet

10. (exhibit)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben [o aufweisen]

this wine has a soft, fruity flavour dieser Wein schmeckt weich und fruchtig

11. (comprise)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben

a week has 7 days eine Wochen hat [o geh zählt] 7 Tage

12. (have learned)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth etw haben

to \have [a little] French/German Grundkenntnisse in Französisch/Deutsch haben

13. (think)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth idea, plan, reason, suggestion etw haben

\have you reason to think he'll refuse? ( form) haben Sie Grund zur Annahme, dass er ablehnen wird?

14. (be obliged)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth to do etw tun müssen

you simply \have to see this film! diesen Film musst du dir unbedingt anschauen!

15. (give birth to)

to \have a child ein Kind bekommen

my mother was 18 when she had me meine Mutter war 18, als ich geboren wurde

to be having a baby (be pregnant) ein Baby bekommen, schwanger sein

16. (render)

to have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] the radio/TV on das Radio/den Fernseher anhaben fam

to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sth ready (finish) etw fertig haben; (to hand) etw bereit haben

17. (induce)

▪ to \have sb do sth jdn [dazu] veranlassen, etw zu tun

▪ to \have sb/sth doing sth jdn/etw dazu bringen, etw zu tun

the film soon had us crying der Film brachte uns schnell zum Weinen

Guy'll \have it working in no time Guy wird es im Handumdrehen zum Laufen bringen

18. (request)

▪ to \have sb do sth jdn [darum] bitten, etw zu tun

I'll \have the secretary run you off a copy for you ich werde von der Sekretärin eine Kopie für Sie anfertigen lassen

19. (find)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sb/sth jdn/etw [gefunden] haben

20. (place)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sb/sth somewhere jdn/etw irgendwo haben

she had her back to me sie lag/saß/stand mit dem Rücken zu mir

21. (hold)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sb/sth by sth:

she had the dog by the ears sie hielt den Hund fest an den Ohren

to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sb by the throat jdn bei [o an] der Kehle [o Gurgel] gepackt haben

22. (fam!: have sex with)

▪ to \have sb mit jdm Sex haben

how many men have you had? wie viele Männer hast du gehabt?

23. ( fam: deceive)

£80 for a CD? you've been had! 80 Pfund für eine CD? dich hat man ganz schön übern Tisch gezogen! fam

24. ( fam: confound)

▪ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS \have got] sb jdn in Verlegenheit bringen

the GNP of Greece? you \have me there das BSP von Griechenland? da hab ich nicht den leisesten Schimmer fam

25. esp AM ( fam: indulge)

▪ to \have oneself sth sich dat etw gönnen [o genehmen]

I think I'm going to have myself an ice cream Ich glaub', ich gönne mir ein Eis

don't worry about it anymore — just go and have yourself a nice little holiday mach dir mal keine Gedanken mehr darüber — genieße erstmal deinen Urlaub

26.

▶ to not \have any [of it] ( fam) nichts von etw dat wissen wollen

▶ to not \have sb/sth doing sth nicht erlauben [o zulassen], dass jd/etw etw tut

▶ to \have done with sth mit etw dat fertig sein

▶ to \have [got] it (find answer)

we \have it! wir haben es!

▶ to \have it that... (claim)

rumour has it that... es geht das Gerücht [um], dass...

▶ to have had it ( fam: be broken) hinüber sein fam, ausgedient haben; (be tired) fix und fertig sein fam; (be in serious trouble) dran fam [o sl geliefert] sein

if she finds out, you've had it! wenn sie es herausfindet, bist du dran [o ist der Ofen aus]! fam

▶ to have had it with sb/sth ( fam) von jdm/etw die Nase [gestrichen] voll haben fam, jdn/etw satthaben

I've had it with his childish behaviour! sein kindisches Benehmen steht mir bis hier oben!

▶ there's none to be had of sth etw ist nicht zu bekommen [o fam aufzutreiben]

there's no real Italian cheese to be had round here man bekommt hier nirgendwo echten italienischen Käse

▶ to not \have sth (not allow) etw nicht zulassen, [jdm] etw nicht abnehmen wollen

I won't \have it! kommt nicht infrage [o fam in die Tüte]!

I'm not having any squabbling in this house ich toleriere in diesem Haus keine Zankerei

I'm not having your behaviour spoil my party ich werde mir meine Feier durch dein Benehmen nicht verderben lassen

I wont have you insult my wife ich lasse es nicht zu, dass Sie meine Frau beleidigen

▶ to \have [or esp BRIT, AUS\have got] nothing on sb ( fam: be less able) gegen jdn nicht ankommen, mit jdm nicht mithalten können; (lack evidence) nichts gegen jdn in der Hand haben, keine Handhabe gegen jdn haben

he's a good player, but he's got nothing on his brother er spielt gut, aber seinem Bruder kann er noch lange nicht das Wasser reichen

▶ and what \have you ( fam) und wer weiß was noch fam

III. NOUN

( fam)

▪ the \haves pl die gut Betuchten fam, die Reichen

the \haves and the \have-nots die Besitzenden und die Besitzlosen

* * *
[hv] pret, ptp had, 3rd pers sing present has When have is part of a set combination, eg have a look, have a dream, have a good time, look up the noun.
1. AUXILIARY VERB

1) habenThe verb haben is the auxiliary used with most verbs to form past tenses in German. For important exceptions see (b).

to have seen/heard/eaten — gesehen/gehört/gegessen haben

I have/had seen — ich habe/hatte gesehen

I have not/had not or I haven't/I hadn't seen him — ich habe/hatte ihn nicht gesehen

had I seen him, if I had seen him — hätte ich ihn gesehen, wenn ich ihn gesehen hätte

having said that he left — nachdem or als er das gesagt hatte, ging er Note the tenses used in the following:

I have lived or have been living here for 10 years/since January — ich wohne or lebe schon 10 Jahre/seit Januar hier

2) seinThe verb sein is used with verbs of motion, eg. gehen, fahren, or verbs implying development, eg. wachsen, and to form past tenses.

to have gone/run — gegangen/gelaufen sein

you HAVE grown! — du bist aber gewachsen!

to have been — gewesen sein

I have been to London — ich bin in London gewesen

I have been against this for years — ich bin schon seit Jahren dagegen

3)

in tag questions etc you've seen her, haven't you? — du hast sie gesehen, oder nicht?

you haven't seen her, have you? — du hast sie nicht gesehen, oder?

you haven't seen her – yes, I have — du hast sie nicht gesehen – doch or wohl (inf)

you've made a mistake – no, I haven't — du hast einen Fehler gemacht – nein(, hab ich nicht)

you've dropped your book – so I have — dir ist dein Buch hingefallen – stimmt or tatsächlich

have you been there? if you have/haven't... — sind Sie schon mal da gewesen? wenn ja/nein or nicht,...

I have seen a ghost – have you? — ich habe ein Gespenst gesehen – wahrhaftig or tatsächlich?

I've lost it – you haven't! (disbelieving) — ich habe es verloren – nein!

2. MODAL AUXILIARY VERB
__diams; to have to do sth (= to be obliged) etw tun müssen
I have (got esp Brit) to do it — ich muss es tun or machen

do you have to go now? — müssen Sie jetzt (wirklich) unbedingt gehen?

do you have to make such a noise? — müssen Sie (unbedingt) so viel Lärm machen?

she was having to get up at 6 o'clock each morning — sie musste jeden Morgen um 6 Uhr aufstehen

we've had to go and see her twice this week — wir mussten diese Woche schon zweimal zu ihr (hin)

the letter will have to be written tomorrow — der Brief muss morgen unbedingt geschrieben werden

I'm afraid it has to be — das muss leider sein

it's got to be or it has to be the biggest scandal this year — das ist todsicher der (größte) Skandal des Jahres

I don't have to do it — ich muss es nicht tun, ich brauche es nicht zu tun

you didn't have to tell her — das mussten Sie ihr nicht unbedingt sagen, das hätten Sie ihr nicht unbedingt sagen müssen or brauchen

he doesn't have to work — er braucht nicht zu arbeiten, er muss nicht arbeiten

3. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) = possess haben

have you (got esp Brit) or do you have a car? — hast du ein Auto?

I haven't (got esp Brit) or I don't have a pen —

to have something/nothing to do — etwas/nichts zu tun haben

I have (got esp Brit) work/a translation to do — ich habe zu arbeiten/eine Übersetzung zu erledigen

I must have more time —

have you (got esp Brit) or do you have a cigarette? — hast du (mal) eine Zigarette?

I don't have any German (Brit) —

she has (got esp Brit) blue eyes — sie hat blaue Augen

I have it! — ich habs!

what time do you have? (US) — wie viel Uhr hast du? (inf), wie spät hast du es?

2) = receive, obtain, get haben

to have news from sb — von jdm hören

I have it on good authority that... — ich habe aus zuverlässiger Quelle gehört or erfahren, dass...

I must have something to eat — ich brauche etwas zu essen, ich muss dringend etwas zu essen haben

there are no newspapers to be had —

it's nowhere to be had — es ist nirgends zu haben or kriegen (inf)

there are some great bargains to be had in the shops — in den Geschäften gibt es tolle Angebote

I'll have the bed in this room — das Bett möchte or werde ich in dieses Zimmer stellen

thanks for having me — vielen Dank für Ihre Gastfreundschaft __diams; to let sb have sth

please let me have your address I'll let you have it for £50 — geben Sie mir bitte Ihre Adresse ich gebe es dir für £ 50

3)

= eat, drink, take to have breakfast — frühstücken

to have lunch/dinner — zu Mittag/Abend essen

to have tea with sb — mit jdm (zusammen) Tee trinken

will you have tea or coffee? — möchten Sie lieber Tee oder Kaffee?

will you have a drink/cigarette? — möchten Sie etwas zu trinken/eine Zigarette?

what will you have? – I'll have the steak — was möchten or hätten Sie gern(e)? – ich hätte or möchte gern das Steak

he had a cigarette/drink/steak —

will you have some more? — möchten Sie or hätten Sie gern(e) (noch etwas) mehr?

have another one — nimm noch eine/einen/eines; (drink) trink noch einen; (cigarette) rauch noch eine

4) = catch, hold (gepackt) haben

me by the throat/the hair — er hatte or hielt mich am Hals/bei den Haaren gepackt

him where I want him —

the champion had him now — der Meister hatte ihn jetzt fest im Griff or in der Tasche (inf)

I'll have you (inf) — dich krieg ich (beim Kragen)

you have me there — da bin ich überfragt

5)

= suffer from he has diabetes — er ist zuckerkrank, er hat Zucker (inf)

to have a heart attack — einen Herzinfarkt bekommen

a headache — ich habe Kopfschmerzen

6)

= experience to have a pleasant evening — einen netten Abend verbringen

to have a good time — Spaß haben, sich amüsieren

have a good time! — viel Spaß!

7) = hold, organize party geben, machen; meeting abhalten

are you having a reception? — gibt es einen Empfang?

we decided not to have a reception — wir haben uns gegen einen Empfang entschieden

8)

= go for to have a walk — einen Spaziergang machen, spazieren gehen

to have a swim — schwimmen gehen

9)

= give birth to to have a child or baby —

she is having a baby in April she had twins — sie bekommt or kriegt (inf) im April ein Kind sie hat Zwillinge bekommen or geboren or gekriegt (inf)

our cat has had kittens — unsere Katze hat Junge gekriegt (inf) or bekommen

10)

= cause to be I had him in such a state that... — er war in einer solchen Verfassung, dass...

he had the audience in hysterics — das Publikum kugelte sich vor Lachen

he had the police baffled —

she nearly had the table over (Brit) — sie hätte den Tisch beinahe umgekippt or zum Umkippen gebracht

11)

= maintain, insist as he has it, Paul is guilty — er besteht darauf, dass Paul schuldig ist

as he had it, Paul isn't guilty — er wollte nichts davon hören, dass Paul schuldig ist

has it —

as the Bible/Shakespeare has it — wie es in der Bibel/bei Shakespeare steht

12)

= refuse to allow in negative sentences I won't have this nonsense — dieser Unsinn kommt (mir) nicht infrage or in Frage!

I won't have this sort of rudeness! —

I won't have it! — das lasse ich mir nicht bieten!

I won't have him insulted —

I won't have him insult his mother — ich lasse es nicht zu, dass er seine Mutter beleidigt

we won't have women in our club — in unserem Klub sind Frauen nicht zugelassen

I'm not having any of that! (inf) — mit mir nicht! (inf)

but she wasn't having any (inf) — aber sie wollte nichts davon wissen

13) = wish mögen

which one will you have? —

as fate would have it,... — wie es das Schicksal so wollte,...

what would you have me do? — was wollen Sie, dass ich mache?

14) set structures __diams; to have sth done = request, order etw tun lassen

to have one's hair cut — sich (dat) die Haare schneiden lassen

to have a suit made — sich (dat) einen Anzug machen lassen

I had my cases brought up — ich habe (mir) meine Koffer nach oben bringen lassen

have it mended — geben Sie es in Reparatur, lassen Sie es reparieren

they had him shot — sie ließen ihn erschießen

he had his car stolen — man hat ihm sein Auto gestohlen

he had his arm broken — er hat/hatte einen gebrochenen Arm

I've had three windows broken — (bei) mir sind drei Fenster eingeworfen worden __diams; to have sb do sth = make them do

I had him wash the car — ich ließ ihn den Wagen waschen

I'll have you know... — Sie müssen nämlich wissen...

I had my friends turn against me — ich musste es erleben, wie or dass sich meine Freunde gegen mich wandten

she had us all helping with the dinner — nach ihrer Ermunterung halfen wir alle mit dem Abendessen

she soon had them all reading and writing — dank ihres Engagements konnten alle schon bald lesen und schreiben __diams; to have had it

he has had it with politics — er hat von der Politik die Nase voll (inf)

that coat has had it — der Mantel ist im Eimer (inf)

if I miss the last bus, I've had it — wenn ich den letzten Bus verpasse, bin ich geliefert (inf) or ist der Ofen aus (inf) __diams; let him have it! (inf) gibs ihm! (inf) __diams; have it your own way machen Sie es or halten Sie es, wie Sie wollen __diams; to be had ( inf

you've been had! — da hat man dich übers Ohr gehauen (inf)

* * *

have [hæv; unbetont həv, əv]

A s

1. the haves and the have-nots die Begüterten und die Habenichtse, die Reichen und die Armen

2. Br umg Trick m

B v/t prät und pperf had [hæd], 2. sg präs obs hast [hæst], 3. sg präs has [hæz], obs hath [hæθ], 2. sg prät obs hadst [hædst]

1. allg haben, besitzen:

he has a house (a friend, a good memory);

we can’t have everything man kann nicht alles haben;

you have my word for it ich gebe Ihnen mein Wort darauf;

I had the whole road to myself ich hatte die ganze Straße für mich allein;

I wouldn’t have it if you gave it to me das nähme ich nicht (mal) geschenkt; → get B 10 a

2. haben, erleben:

we had a fine time wir hatten viel Spaß, wir hatten es schön

3. a) ein Kind bekommen

b) ZOOL Junge werfen

4. behalten:

can I have it?; → honor B 2

5. Gefühle, einen Verdacht etc haben, hegen

6. Nachrichten etc erhalten, bekommen ( beide:

from von):

(not) to be had (nicht) zu haben, (nicht) erhältlich

7. (erfahren) haben:

I have it from reliable sources ich habe es aus verlässlicher Quelle (erfahren);

I have it from my friend ich habe oder weiß es von meinem Freund

8. Speisen etc zu sich nehmen, einnehmen, essen oder trinken etc:

I had a glass of sherry ich trank ein Glas Sherry;

have another sandwich nehmen Sie noch ein Sandwich!;

what will you have? was nehmen Sie?;

have a cigar eine Zigarre rauchen; → breakfast A, dinner 1, etc

9. haben, ausführen, (mit)machen:

have a discussion eine Diskussion haben oder abhalten; → look A 1, try A 1, walk A 3, wash A 1

10. können, beherrschen:

she has no French sie kann nicht oder kein Französisch;

have sth by heart etwas auswendig können

11. (be)sagen, behaupten:

he will have it that … er behauptet steif und fest, dass …;

astrology has it that Taureons are … der Astrologie zufolge sind Stiere …; → rumor A 1

12. sagen, ausdrücken:

as Byron has it wie Byron sagt

13. umg erwischt haben:

he had me there da hatte er mich (an meiner schwachen Stelle) erwischt, da war ich überfragt

14. Br umg jemanden reinlegen:

you have been had man hat dich reingelegt oder übers Ohr gehauen

15. haben, dulden:

I will not ( oder won’t) have it ich dulde es nicht, ich will es nicht (haben);

I won’t have it mentioned ich will nicht, dass es erwähnt wird;

he wasn’t having any umg er ließ sich auf nichts ein;

thank you for having us bes Br vielen Dank für die schöne Zeit bei Ihnen; → none Bes Redew

16. haben, erleiden:

they had broken bones sie erlitten Knochenbrüche;

he had a shock er bekam einen Schock

17. (vor inf) müssen:

I have to go now;

he will have to do it er wird es tun müssen;

we have to obey wir haben zu oder müssen gehorchen;

it has to be done es muss getan werden; → get B 10 b

18. (mit Objekt und pperf) lassen:

I had a suit made ich ließ mir einen Anzug machen;

they had him shot sie ließen ihn erschießen

19. mit Objekt und pperf zum Ausdruck des Passivs:

he had a son born to him ihm wurde ein Sohn geboren;

I’ve had some money stolen mir ist Geld gestohlen worden

20. (mit Objekt und inf) (veran)lassen:

have them come here at once lass sie sofort hierherkommen;

I had him sit down ich ließ ihn Platz nehmen

21. (mit Objekt und inf) es erleben, dass:

I had all my friends turn against me ich erlebte es oder ich musste es erleben, dass sich alle meine Freunde gegen mich wandten

22. ( nach will oder would mit akk und inf):

I would have you to know it ich möchte, dass Sie es wissen

23. würde, täte ( mit as well, rather, better, best etc):

I had rather go than stay ich möchte lieber gehen als bleiben;

you had best go du tätest am besten daran, zu gehen;

he better had das wäre das Beste(, was er tun könnte)

C v/i

1. obs eilen:

have after sb jemandem nacheilen

2. have at obs zu Leibe rücken (dat), sich hermachen über (akk)

3. they had until July 3 sie hatten bis zum 3. Juli Zeit

4. I have to ich muss;

do you have to? muss das sein?

D v/aux

1. haben:

I have seen ich habe gesehen

2. sein:

I have been ich bin gewesen Besondere Redewendungen: have and hold JUR US innehaben, besitzen;

I have it! ich habs! (ich habe die Lösung gefunden);

he has had it umg

a) er ist reingefallen,

b) er hat sein Fett (seine Strafe) weg,

c) er ist erledigt (auch tot) my car has had it umg mein Wagen ist im Eimer;

let sb have it es jemandem (tüchtig) geben oder besorgen, jemanden fertigmachen umg;

I didn’t know he had it in him ich wusste gar nicht, dass er dazu fähig ist oder dass er das Zeug dazu hat;

I have nothing against him personally ich habe nichts gegen ihn persönlich;

have nothing on sb umg

a) jemandem in keiner Weise überlegen sein,

b) nichts gegen jemanden in der Hand haben, jemandem nichts anhaben können have it (all) over sb umg jemandem (haushoch) überlegen sein;

he has it over me that … umg er ist mir insofern voraus, als …;

have what it takes das Zeug dazu haben; → do¹ B 9

* * *
1. transitive verb,
pres. he has, p.t. & p.p. had

1) (possess) haben

I have it! — ich hab's[!]

and what have you — (coll.) und so weiter

2) (obtain) bekommen

let's not have any... — lass uns... vermeiden

come on, let's have it! — (coll.) rück schon raus damit! (ugs.)

3) (take) nehmen

4) (keep) behalten; haben

5) (eat, drink, etc.)

have breakfast/dinner/lunch — frühstücken/zu Abend/zu Mittag essen

6) (experience) haben [Spaß, Vergnügen]

7) (suffer) haben [Krankheit, Schmerz, Enttäuschung, Abenteuer]; (show) haben [Güte, Freundlichkeit, Frechheit]

8) (engage in)

have a game of football — Fußball spielen

9) (accept)

I won't have it — das lasse ich mir nicht bieten

10) (give birth to) bekommen

11) (coll.): (swindle)

I was had — ich bin [he]reingelegt worden (ugs.)

ever been had! — da bist du ganz schön reingefallen (ugs.)

12) (know)

I have it on good authority that... — ich weiß es aus zuverlässiger Quelle, dass...

13) (as guest)

have somebody to stay — jemanden zu Besuch haben

14) (summon)

he had me into his office — er hat mich in sein Büro beordert

15) (in coll. phrases)

you've had it now — (coll.) jetzt ist es aus (ugs.)

this car/dress has had it — (coll.) dieser Wagen/dieses Kleid hat ausgedient
2. auxiliary verb,
he has, had

1) forming past tenses

I have/I had read — ich habe/hatte gelesen

I have/I had gone — ich bin/war gegangen

having seen him — (because) weil ich ihn gesehen habe/hatte; (after) wenn ich ihn gesehen habe/nachdem ich ihn gesehen hatte

if I had known... — wenn ich gewusst hätte...

2) (cause to be)

have something made/repaired — etwas machen/reparieren lassen

have the painters in — die Maler haben

have somebody do something — jemanden etwas tun lassen

have a tooth extracted — sich (Dat.) einen Zahn ziehen lassen

3)

she had her purse stolen — man hat ihr das Portemonnaie gestohlen

4) (expr. obligation)

have to — müssen

I only have to do the washing-up — ich muss nur noch den Abwasch machen

I have only to see him to feel annoyed — ich brauche ihn nur zu sehen, und ich ärgere mich

he has to be guilty — er ist fraglos schuldig
3. noun
the haves and the have-nots — die Besitzenden und die Besitzlosen

Phrasal Verbs:

- have off

- have on

- have out

* * *

(a) temperature expr.

fiebern v. (take) pity on someone expr.

mit jemandem Mitleid haben ausdr. (to possess) v.

besitzen v. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: had)

= bekommen v.

haben v.

(§ p.,pp.: hatte, gehabt)

English-german dictionary > have
10 process

1) способ; технология; процесс

2) обрабатывать

3) воспроизводить фотомеханическим способом

4) проявлять

- additive process

- ageing process

- Albert lead molding process

- all-tone process

- ammonia developed diazotype process

- ammonia-light process

- aniline process

- asphalt copying process

- Bassani process

- Ben Day process

- bichromated albumen process

- bichromated colloid process

- binding process

- bleach-out process

- blueline process

- blue-tone process

- Brightype photographic process

- carbon process

- Carbro process

- chalk relief process

- charge transfer process

- chemical transfer process

- Claybourn process

- Clayden process of prescreening

- cold-type process

- collotype process

- color process

- contact process

- copying process

- correction process

- Gronok process

- cut and paste process

- deep-etch process

- diazo process

- diffusion transfer process

- direct process

- direct-copy process

- direct halftone process

- direct platemaking process

- direct transfer gravure process

- dot color process

- double transfer process

- Dow process

- drop-dot process

- dry process

- dry diazo process

- dry grinding process

- drying process

- dry ink printing process

- dry silver process

- Dultgen process

- duplex process

- duplicating process

- dusting process

- dyeline process

- dye-transfer process

- Electrofax process

- electrographic recording process

- electrophoretic migration imaging process

- electrophotoadhesive process

- electrophotographic process

- electrophotographic color process

- electrophotographic liquid toner process

- electrophotographic reproduction process

- electrophotographic sheet binding process

- electrostatic developing process

- electrothermographic process

- electrothermographic duplicating process

- electrothermographic image-recording process

- electrothermographic reproduction process

- electrotyping process

- Elko process

- engraving process

- exposure process

- fake color process

- fanning-out process

- fast-etch process

- film process

- filtration process

- finishing process

- flat-plate screen process

- flexographic process

- flexo plate process

- four-color process

- frost deformation process

- fusing process

- gelatin process

- gelatin hectographic process

- glass-etch process

- glue process

- gravure etching process

- gum process

- halftone process

- hardening process

- heat process

- heat development process

- Henderson process

- hot-type process

- image process

- imbibition transfer process

- indirect process

- initial ink-setting process

- ink-splitting process

- ink transfer process

- intaglio process

- intaglio halftone process

- invert dot process

- IR process

- IR drying process

- Jacobs-Frerichs process

- Kemart process

- Koch process

- large plate process

- letterpress process

- line-tone process

- liquid developed diazotype process

- liquid toner process

- masking process

- master photodirect process

- Mead Photocapsule process

- MICR process

- microfilming process

- moist collodion process

- molding process

- monobath process

- multiple copy electrophotographic reproduction process

- narrow-web printing process

- negative process

- nitrogen-burst process

- offset process

- oil-pigment process

- paper stereotype process

- Patramold process

- perforating process

- photoarc process

- photochemical process

- photocolographic process

- photoelectrophoretic imaging process

- photoengraving process

- photogelatin process

- photogravure process

- photomechanical process

- photooffset process

- plaster stereotype process

- positive process

- post-printing process

- powdering process

- powderless etch process

- precipitation process

- prepress processes

- printing process

- pyroelectric copying process

- reflex copy process

- relief process

- reusable electrostatic recording process

- reversal process

- Rinco process

- roller-coating process

- roll-up process

- rubber plate letterpress process

- screen plate process

- semidry process

- silver dye bleach process

- silvering process

- step-and-repeat process

- stop-dot process

- subsurface printing process

- subtractive process

- subtractive reproduction process

- surface process

- Technamation process

- thermographic duplicating process

- three-color process

- tone-line process

- touching process

- transfer copy process

- two-bath process

- two-stop process

- UV process

- UV drying process

- vesicular process

- wet process

- whiteprint process

Англо-русский словарь по полиграфии и издательскому делу > process
11 Holland, John Philip

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

b. 29 February 1840 Liscanor, Co. Clare, Ireland

d. 12 August 1915 Newark, New Jersey, USA

[br]

Irish/American inventor of the successful modern submarine

[br]

Holland was educated first in his native town and later in Limerick, a seaport bustling with coastal trade ships. His first job was that of schoolteacher, and as such he worked in various parts of Ireland until he was about 32 years old. A combination of his burning patriotic zeal for Ireland and his interest in undersea technology (then in its infancy) made him consider designs for underwater warships for use against the British Royal Navy in the fight for Irish independence. He studied all known works on the subject and commenced drawing plans, but he was unable to make real headway owing to a lack of finance.

In 1873 he travelled to the United States, ultimately settling in New Jersey and continuing in the profession of teaching. His work on submarine design continued, but in 1875 he suffered a grave setback when the United States Navy turned down his designs. Help came from an unexpected source, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, or Fenian Society, which had been founded in Dublin and New York in 1858. Financial help enabled Holland to build a 4 m (13 ft) one-person craft, which was tested in 1878, and then a larger boat of 19 tonnes' displacement that was tested with a crew of three to depths of 20 m (65 ft) in New York's harbour in 1883. Known as the Fenian Ram, it embodied most of the principles of modern submarines, including weight compensation. The Fenians commandeered this boat, but they were unable to operate it satisfactorily and it was relegated to history.

Holland continued work, at times independently and sometimes with others, and continuously advocated submarines to the United States Navy. In 1895 he was successful in winning a contract for US$150,000 to build the US Submarine Plunger at Baltimore. With too much outside interference, this proved an unsatisfactory venture. However, with only US$5,000 of his capital left, Holland started again and in 1898 he launched the Holland at Elizabeth, New Jersey. This 16 m (52 ft) vessel was successful, and in 1900 it was purchased by the United States Government.

Six more boats were ordered by the Americans, and then some by the Russians and the Japanese. The British Royal Navy ordered five, which were built by Vickers Son and Maxim (now VSEL) at Barrow-in-Furness in the years up to 1903, commencing their long run of submarine building. They were licensed by another well-known name, the Electric Boat Company, which had formerly been the J.P.Holland Torpedo Boat Company.

Holland now had some wealth and was well known. He continued to work, trying his hand at aeronautical research, and in 1904 he invented a respirator for use in submarine rescue work. It is pleasing to record that one of his ships can be seen to this day at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum, Gosport: HM Submarine Holland No. 1, which was lost under tow in 1913 but salvaged and restored in the 1980s.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Order of the Rising Sun, Japan, 1910.

Bibliography

1900, "The submarine boat and its future", North American Review (December). Holland wrote several other articles of a similar nature.

Further Reading

R.K.Morris, 1966 John P.Holland 1841–1914, Inventor of the Modern Submarine, Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute.

F.W.Lipscomb, 1975, The British Submarine, London: Conway Maritime Press. A.N.Harrison, 1979, The Development of HM Submarines from Holland No. 1 (1901) to

Porpoise (1930), Bath: MoD Ships Department (internal publication).

FMW

Biographical history of technology > Holland, John Philip

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